Report Kit 360

Building thermography survey

Reference RK-2026-0377

Building thermography survey
Calder Vale Primary School, infant block
house-exterior-01
BuildingCalder Vale Primary School, School Lane, Calder Vale
ClientCalder Vale Primary School (Marlbury Borough Council)
Report referenceRK-2026-0377
Survey date19 Feb 2026
ThermographerAnika Sorensen, ISO 9712 Level 2 thermographer, BEng (Hons)
None: 0Minor: 0Moderate: 0Significant: 0Unsafe: 0

Sample report

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

Document control

Status code: S2

RevisionDateStatusDescriptionAuthorCheckedApproved
P0124 Feb 2026DraftDraft for internal checkASRA
A26 Feb 2026IssuedFirst issue to clientASRARA

Distribution

NameOrganisationCopies
Calder Vale Primary School (Marlbury Borough Council)Calder Vale Primary School (Marlbury Borough Council)1

This report has been prepared for the client named on the cover and may not be relied upon by any other party without the written agreement of Report Kit 360. The issue table above records every revision; the latest row is the current issue.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

1 Objective and survey type

The school asked for a qualitative thermographic survey of the infant block to locate missing or displaced insulation, thermal bridges and air leakage paths before a planned refurbishment of the external walls and windows. The survey was carried out externally and internally before sunrise on 19 February 2026 with the heating at steady state and a temperature difference of 16 °C.

Survey

Survey typequalitativeDate and time19 Feb 2026 06:30 to 08:15
Internal / externalexternal and internalPressurisation usednone
Acceptance criteria agreed before surveyQualitative: anomalies classified by severity; quantitative TI check at T01 only
Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

2 Environmental conditions

Conditions

Internal air temperature (°C)20.50External air temperature (°C)4.50
Temperature difference ΔT (°C)16Wind speed (m/s) and direction2.5 m/s N
PrecipitationnoneSky / cloudovercast
Solar loading in the previous 12 hoursnoneHeating statuson, steady state
Relative humidity (%)82%
ΔT check (internal − external)16.0 °C

Survey condition limits

External fabric surveys need a temperature difference of at least 10 °C across the fabric for several hours, no precipitation or mist, wind below about 5 m/s and no strong solar loading or reflected cold sky. Air-leakage surveys under depressurisation need at least 5 °C. Where conditions fell short, say so here and in the limitations.

Conditions were within the limits of BS EN 13187 for a qualitative external survey: overcast sky, no rain for 24 hours, wind 2.5 m/s and no solar loading. The west elevation was imaged last as the sky began to lighten; the images were checked for reflected sky and none was found.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

3 Building information

Building

AddressCalder Vale Primary School, School Lane, Calder Vale, CV1 4IKBuilding type and useSingle-storey primary school, infant block, 1968 with a 2004 extension
Construction (walls / roof / floor / glazing)Cavity brick walls (1968, uninsulated cavity) / insulated cavity (2004); flat felt roof with loft insulation; solid ground floor; aluminium double glazingOrientationMain elevations face north and south
Approximate age58 years (1968); extension 22 yearsHeating system and status during surveyon, steady state
Recent worksRoof re-covered 2021; windows unchanged
house-exterior-01

Figure 3.1 — Elevation or plan key showing thermogram locations

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

4 Equipment

Infrared camera

Make and modelFLIR T560Serial numberFT560-004412
Lens / field of view24° x 18°Detector resolution (px)640 x 480
Thermal sensitivity NETD (mK)30Spectral range (µm)7.5 to 14
Last calibration14 May 2025Months since calibration9

Other instruments

Air temperature / humidity meterTesto 625, serial 41122098AnemometerKestrel 3000, serial 1088421
Moisture meterProtimeter SurveymasterBlower door / fan (if used)Not used
Reflected temperature methodReflector method (crumpled foil), 4 °C externally, 20 °C internally
Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

5 Methodology and limitations

Thermograms were captured from the positions shown on the location key, with the camera set to the emissivity and reflected apparent temperature recorded on each sheet. Images were reviewed by comparing areas of similar construction under the same conditions; apparent anomalies caused by reflections, concealed pipes, cables or heat emitters have been identified and excluded where recognised.

Infrared thermography shows apparent surface temperature patterns at the moment of capture. It does not measure U-values directly, cannot see inside the construction, and depends on the temperature difference, wind, moisture and emissivity at the time. Quantitative values carry a stated uncertainty.

The boiler room and kitchen were excluded at the school's request. The internal face of the hall ceiling was not imaged because of the stage set. The emissivity of the painted render and the plastered internal surfaces was taken as 0.93; the aluminium window frames have a low and uncertain emissivity and apparent temperatures on them are not reported.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

Anomalies are graded as follows:

ColourRatingMeaning
NoneNo anomaly: the pattern is consistent with the construction and conditions.
MinorMinor anomaly: small or expected deviation (for example a standard junction); note only.
ModerateModerate anomaly: a clear deviation such as a localised thermal bridge or a small area of missing insulation; plan remedial work.
SignificantSignificant anomaly: a large or repeated deviation, a Thermal Index below the agreed threshold, or evidence of moisture or air leakage; investigate and remedy.
UnsafeUnsafe condition: an electrical, fire or structural hazard revealed by the survey; report immediately to the responsible person.
Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

6 Thermographer

Personnel

ThermographerAnika SorensenQualification / certification levelLevel 2
Report writerAnika SorensenAttending personsSchool caretaker
Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

Thermogram sheet

Thermogram T01

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377
S1
S2

Infrared image — Ironbow palette

Temperature scalehouse-exterior-02

Visible image

Scale4.0 to 18.0 °CEmissivity (ε)0.93
Reflected temperature4.0 °CAmbient temperature4.5 °C
Distance6.0 mRelative humidity82 %
ClassificationThermal bridge
SeverityModerate
#LabelTypePositionTemperature
S1Sp1Spot42%, 78%11.6 °C
S2Bx1Box40%, 30%5.8 °C

Interpretation

Continuous warm band at the wall and slab junction: uninsulated slab edge of the 1968 block. Not present on the 2004 extension.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

Image record

Location / plan referenceNorth elevation, classrooms 2 to 3, plan reference N2Elevation / orientationNorth elevation, viewed from the playground
File nameIR_0219_0014.jpgDate and time2026-02-19 06:52
Distance to object (m)6Emissivity0.93
Reflected apparent temperature (°C)4Level / span11 °C / 14 °C

Table 1 — Thermal Index (quantitative surveys)

ParameterValueUnit
Internal surface temperature at anomaly, Tsi14.20°C
External air temperature, To4.50°C
Internal air temperature, Ti20.50°C
Thermal Index TI = (Tsi − To) / (Ti − To)#CIRC!
Threshold for this building type0.75
Assessment#CIRC!

External view of the north wall at the ground-floor slab edge. A continuous warm band 150 mm to 200 mm high runs along the junction of the wall and the slab, with the warmest readings below the classroom 3 window. This is a thermal bridge at the uninsulated slab edge of the 1968 construction; the pattern is continuous, follows the slab line and does not correlate with any service run. The 2004 extension to the right shows no such band because its slab edge is insulated.

Include insulation of the slab edge (or an insulated plinth) in the external wall refurbishment of the 1968 block. No action is needed for the 2004 extension.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

7 Unsafe conditions

Unsafe conditions

Any condition found during the survey that presents an immediate electrical, fire or structural hazard is reported here and was notified to the responsible person on site at the time.

None observed.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

8 Conclusions and recommendations

Seven anomalies were recorded: a continuous slab-edge thermal bridge to the 1968 block (moderate), displaced roof insulation above classrooms 2 and 3 seen as cold ceiling patches internally (moderate), air leakage at the window heads of classrooms 1 to 4 (minor), and a thermal bridge at the eaves on the north elevation (minor). No unsafe conditions were found. Priority: reinstate the roof insulation now (low cost), include the slab-edge insulation and window-head sealing in the refurbishment, and repeat the survey after the works under comparable conditions.

None: 0Minor: 0Moderate: 0Significant: 0Unsafe: 0

No rated items recorded.

The findings describe the condition observed on the inspection date. Buildings and assets change with time, weather and use; if a decision is to be made more than three months after the inspection date we recommend that the relevant areas are re-inspected.

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

9 Comparison with previous survey

Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

Appendix A — Temperature readings

Table A.1 — Spot and area readings (exportable)

ThermogramSpot / areaMin (°C)Max (°C)Mean (°C)Note
T01Sp1 slab edge8.9011.6010.40Warmest below classroom 3 window
T01Bx1 wall above5.206.405.80Reference wall area
T02Sp1 window head15.1017.8016.60Internal; air leakage
T03Bx1 ceiling patch1315.2014.10Internal; displaced insulation
Building thermography surveyRK-2026-0377

Declaration

I confirm that the survey was carried out as described and that the thermograms are unaltered apart from palette, level and span adjustments.

Prepared by

Anika Sorensen
ISO 9712 Level 2 thermographer, BEng (Hons)

Report Kit 360

Date: 26 Feb 2026

Checked by

Rhys Antrobus
BEng (Hons) CEng MCIBSE

Report Kit 360

Date: 26 Feb 2026